Revelation Prophecy – Chapter 16

What happens to the earth as a result of the vial Judgments?

I. Video Data.  John Ankerberg Show. Dr. John Ankerberg,  (M. Div., D. Min.), (Dr. Jimmy DeYoung (M. Div., Ph. D., 1940-2021). Notice that Dr. DeYoung uses the correct title, “Campaign of Armageddon,” as opposed to the often used, “Battle of Armageddon.”

II. Introduction. 

Dr. C.I. Scofield (D. D.; 1843-1921) Scofield Study Bible (1909, 1917, 1937, 1945, 1984, 1998, 2002, 2006, Editor, C.I. Scofield, Editorial Revision 1967 Committee Members: Charles L. Feinberg, Th. B., Th. M., Th. D., Ph. D., John F. Walvoord, Th. B., Th. M., Th. D.).

A. The seven bowls of wrath. B. Parenthetic: Armageddon.

III. Overview.

The following views of different highly respected theologians discuss the outpouring of the bowl (vial) judgments of God on the earth during the second half of the Tribulation. Yet, the “earth dwellers” do not repent. Earth dwellers are those who will be left behind from the Rapture (1 Thes 4:16-17). Earth dwellers identified (Rev 3:10; 6:10; 8:13; 11:10; 13:8; 13:14; 17:8). Earth dwellers not repentant (Rev 16:9; 16:11; 16:21).

A. Dr. Kendell H. Easley (M. Div.; Ph. D.) The Book of Revelation, Holman New Testament Commentary.

John witnesses the brief, but intense, scenes of the seven bowls of wrath being poured out on the earth.

B. Dr. Paige Patterson (B.A., D.D., D.D., Th. M., Ph. D.) Revelation Commentary, The New International Version, The New American Commentary. 

In rapid succession the bowls of God’s wrath are poured out on the earth. The crass rebellion of the human heart is displayed through these tragedies; men do not repent.

C. Dr. John Phillips (D. Min; 1927-2010) Revelation Commentary. 

A world ruined by man, and a world ruled by Satan, has been described. Now, the time has come for the world to be rescued by God. Down into the arena of human affairs He comes, shortening the days and making a swift, sudden end of the Beast and his hideous strength. The vials, shallow bowls used in the temple worship, are filled now with wrath and are swiftly out-poured.

D. Dr. Daniel Green (Th. D., D. Min.) The Moody Bible Commentary.

1. First Bowl – Painful sores (16:1-2); 2. Second Bowl – The sea turned to blood (16:3); 3. Third Bowl – Fresh water turned to blood (16:4-7); 4. Fourth Bowl – A scorched earth (16:8-9); 5. Fifth Bowl – Darkness (16:10-11); 6. Sixth Bowl – Demonic assault; 7. Seventh Bowl – Worldwide devastation (16:17-21). 

E. Dr. Robert L. Thomas  (Th. M., Th. D.; 1928-2017). Revelation Commentary.

1. First Bowl: Incurable sores on the Beast worshippers (16:1-2). 2. Second Bowl: Death to all sea life (16:3). 3. Third Bowl: Transforming of all fresh water into blood (16:4-7); 4. Fourth Bowl: Scorching of all through the sun’s intensity (16:8-9); 5. Fifth Bowl: Darkening of the Beast’s kingdom (16:10-11); 6. Sixth Bowl: Preparation for the doom of earth’s kings (16:12-16); 7. Seventh Bowl: The destruction of Babylon (16:17-18:24).

F. Dr. Charles L. Feinberg (Th. B., Th. M., Th. D.,, Ph. D., 1909-1995).

1. Six Vials of Judgment are seen in Rev 16:1-12:

a. Command to empty the vials (16:1); b. Plague on the earth (16:2); c. Plague on the sea (16:3); d. Plague on the rivers and waters (16:4-7); e. Plague on the sun (16:8-9); f. Plague on the beast’s seat (16:10-11); g. Plague on the Euphrates River (16:12).

2. Preview of Armageddon (16:13-18).

3. The Seventh Vial (16:17-21):

a. Plague on the air (16:17-18); b. The fall of Babylon (16:19);  Nature in upheaval (16:20-21).

G. Dr. John F. Walvoord  (Th. B., Th. M., Th. D., 1910-2002) Revelation Commentary.

Chronologically, this chapter is close to the time of the second coming of Christ, and the judgments described fall in rapid succession. There can be no doubt here, not only that the series reaches on to the time of the end, but that the whole of it is to be placed close to the same time. Daniel indicated that these closing days of the Tribulation will be a time of world war (Dan 11:36-45). World events are now pictured by John as coming to their climax. Chapter 19 of Revelation follows immediately after chapter 16 in the chronological development.

H. Dr. J. Dwight Pentecost (Th. B., Th. D.; 1915-2014) Things To Come, 1958, p 363.

The third series of judgments, which complete the outpouring of divine wrath, are the vials (Rev. 16:1-21). Although four of these vials are poured out on the same areas as the trumpets, they do not seem to be the same judgments. The trumpets begin in the middle of the tribulation and depict events during the entire second half of the week (Daniel’s 70th week). The vials seem to cover a very brief period at the end of the tribulation, just prior to the second advent of Christ. These bowls seem to have particular reference to unbelievers, as they undergo the special wrath of God (16:9, 11), and have special reference to the beast and his followers (16:2).

IV. Verse Examination. Revelation Chapter 16, NASB, Link pasted from Bible Gateway.

https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+16&version=NASB1995

Revelation Chapter 16 NASB 1995

Dr. Charles C. Ryrie (Th. M., Th. D., Ph. D., 1925-2016). Ryrie Study Bible.

A. 16:1. Though there are similarities between the bowl judgments and some of the trumpet judgments in chaps. 8-9 there are differences as well, the bowl judgments being more intensive and extensive. Thus, it is best not to see the bowls as repeating the trumpets but as a distinct series of judgments following the trumpets.

B. 16:2. “a loathsome and malignant sore.” LIt., foul and evil sore. Probably, a plague of ulcers. The brief descriptions of these last seven judgments (vv 2-12, 17-21) may suggest that they occur in rapid succession upon a world already battered and bloodied.

C. 16:3. “every living thing in the sea died.” (see 8:9). Imagine the stench and disease that will accompany this event.

D. 16:4. Though drinking bloody salt water would be toxic, drinking bloody fresh water, though disgusting, would not be. 

E. 16:6. “They deserve it .” I.e., they deserve to drink blood because they shed the blood of saints and prophets.

F. 16:8. Side effects of this scorching heat will drastically affect the climate, possibly including excessive evaporation and melting of the great ice areas of the world.

G. 16:9. “they did not repent.” See verse 11 and 9:21. 

H. 16:11. “their sores.” I.e., those referred to in verse 2.

I. 16:12. “the kings from the east.” Lit., the kings from the rising of the sun. The armies of the nations of the Orient will be raided in their march toward Armageddon by the supernatural drying up of the Euphrates River.

J. 16:3. “the dragon.” Satan. the” beast.” Antichrist (13:1-10). “the false prophet.” the lieutenant (13:11-18).

K. 16:14. “the war of the great day of God, the Almighty.” The war will consist of several battles, beginning with Antichrist’s campaign into Egypt (Dan. 11:40-45) and including a siege of Jerusalem (Zech. 14:2) as well as the final battle at Armageddon (v. 16). 

L. 16:15. A call to surviving believers to watch and be alert. The “clothes” of a guard caught asleep on duty were taken from him, leaving him “naked” and disgraced.

M. 16:16. “Har-Mageddon,” or Armageddon. Lit., Mount of Megiddo, near the city of Megiddo at the head of the plain of Esdraelon. This area was the scene of many OT battles, notably those of Barak with the Canaanites (Judg. 4) and of Gideon with the Midianites (Judg. 7).

N. 16:19. “The great city.” Either Jerusalem (11:8; cf. Zech. 14:4) or Babylon (18:2).

O. 16:20-21. The topography of the earth will be drastically changed, and unbelieving survivors of the hailstorm will curse God instead of turning to Him.

V. Summary.

Dr. Orville J. Nave, Nave’s Study Bible, 1978 (D.D., LL. D., 1841-1917). Orville J. Nave (Editor). Anna Seamans Nave (Editor).

In this sixteenth chapter of Revelation we considered: The seven angels in succession pour out their vials of wrath upon the earth, and great plagues follow thereupon.

VI. My Bucket List shows the references, of people and documents, that I use when I write my articles.

https://equippingblog.wordpress.com/bucket-list/embed/. 

VII. My Websites To Follow.

https://equippingblog.wordpress.com/ Eternity

https://untotheleastofthese.home.blog/ Equipping The Saints Website

https://thechurchoftheopendoor.wordpress.com/ Israel Website

https://success2693.wordpress.com/ Israel, History And Prophecy

Advertisement

Revelation Prophecy – Chapter 15

What happens to the earth as a result of the vial judgments?

I. Video Data. John Ankerberg Show. Dr. John Ankerberg,  (M. Div., D. Min.), (Dr. Jimmy DeYoung (M. Div., Ph. D., 1940-2021)

II. Introduction.  Dr. C.I. Scofield (D. D.; 1843-1921) Scofield Study Bible (1909, 1917, 1937, 1945, 1984, 1998, 2002, 2006, Editor, C.I. Scofield, Editorial Revision 1967 Committee Members: Charles L. Feinberg, Th. B., Th. M., Th. D., Ph. D., John F. Walvoord, Th. B., Th. M., Th. D.), and others.

The Seven Bowl Judgments. A glorious heavenly scene.

III. Overview.

A. Dr. Tim LaHaye (D. Min., D. Litt.; 1926-2016). Revelation Illustrated & Made Plain. Chapter 15 concludes the events revealed in chapters 10 through 15, concerning visions in heaven or conditions on the earth to the middle of the Tribulation period. The chapter (15) serves as an introduction to the Great Tribulation, which is the latter half of the Tribulation Period described in chapter 16, when the seven angels pour out the bowls of the wrath of God.

B. Dr. Paige Patterson (B.A., D.D., D.D., Th. M., Ph. D.) Revelation Commentary, The New International Version, The New American Commentary. Chapter 15 constitutes an interlude that is also an introduction to the final plagues, which will be enumerated in chap. 16 as part of the tribulation period. However, the interlude is replete with importance for adequate comprehension of what follows in the outpouring of the bowls of wrath. The reader is first introduced to a scene of triumph in heaven where specifically those who withstood the siren songs and the threats of the false prophets are gathered. These extol the majesty of the King. The way is prepared for the introduction of the angels who are the waiters serving up the wrath of God.

C. Dr. Robert L. Thomas (Th. M., Th. D.; 1928-2017). Revelation Commentary.  A scene in heaven precedes the bowl series as happened with the seals (chaps. 4-5) and the trumpets (8:2-6) too. Chapter 15 is a sort of celestial interlude to introduce the pouring out of the seven bowls of the wrath in chapter 16. The former facilitates an understanding of the latter. It is time for what has been anticipated in the cup of wine (14:10), the harvest (14:14-16), and the vintage (14:17-20) to be delineated in its chronological fulfillment. Correspondences between chapter 14 and 15-16 reflect how the visions have prepared the way up to now. Following the sign of the seven angels with the seven last plagues, the fifteenth chapter has two visions, the first one picturing the victors  fresh from their triumph and the second describing the white-and-gold clad angels who hold the seven bowls. 

D. Dr. John F. Walvoord (Th. B., Th. M., Th. D., 1910-2002) The Revelation of Jesus Christ. Chapters 15 and 16 of Revelation bring to consummation the chronologically ordered events leading up to the second coming of Christ described in chapter 19. These are introduced in this chapter as “the seven last plagues” which are the divine judgments preceding the second coming of Christ. As previously indicated, the chronological order of events in Revelation is presented basically in the seven seals (6:1-17; 8:1). The seventh seal includes all of the seven trumpets (8:1-9:21; 11:15-19). The seven vials or bowls of divine judgment are included in the seventh trumpet. 

E. Dr. Charles L. Feinberg (Th. B., Th. M., Th. D., Ph. D., 1909-1995). Liberty Commentary Bible. The chapters now under consideration form a literary unit that follows logically after chapter 11, giving the third series of the septenary judgments of God. Why need there be three series of these judgments? They evidently follow the pattern of warfare as men know it: first, the initial encounter; then, the intensive assaults; finally, the consummating blows. Undoubtedly, the vial judgments take place in the Great Tribulation in its last stages. The implication seems to be that they will transpire in a very brief period of time. They will be both rapid and severe. The Revelation does deal repeatedly with judgments, but not exclusively so; for the final prospect is bright indeed.

F. Dr. J. Dwight Pentecost (Th. B., Th., D., 1915-2014) Things To Come, pp 236-238. From these Scriptures it can not be denied that this period is peculiarly the time when God’s wrath and judgment fall upon the earth. This is not wrath from men, nor from Satan, except as God may use these agencies as channels for the execution of His will; it is tribulation from God. This period differs from all preceding tribulation, not only in intensity but also in the kind of tribulation, since it comes from God Himself. The first great purpose of the tribulation is to prepare the nation of Israel for her Messiah. The prophecy of Jeremiah (30:7) makes it clear that this time that is coming has particular reference for Israel, for it is “the time of Jacob’s trouble.” God’s purpose for Israel in the Tribulation is to bring about the conversion of a multitude of Jews, who will enter the blessings of the kingdom, and experience the fulfillment of all Israel’s covenants. The second great purpose of the tribulation is to pour out judgment on unbelieving man and nations. It is stated in Revelation 3:10, “I will keep thee from the hour of temptation, which shall come upon all the world, to try them that dwell upon the earth.” From these Scriptures it will be seen that God is judging the nations of the earth because of their godlessness. 

.

IV. Scripture Text. Revelation Chapter 15. NASB. Pasted from Bible Gateway

https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+15&version=NASB1995

Revelation Chapter 15

V. Verse Examination. Revelation Chapter 15.

Dr. Charles C. Ryrie (Th. M., Th. D., Ph. D.; 1925-2016) Ryrie Study Bible.

A. 15:2-3. The martyrs sing “the song of Moses,” praising God for His faithfulness and deliverance (Ex. 15 and Deut. 32)  and magnifying God’s holiness and righteousness.

B. 15: 5. “the temple of the tabernacle of testimony.” I.e., the “Holy of Holies.”

VI. Summary. Dr. Orville J. Nave, Nave’s Study Bible, 1978 (D.D., LL. D., 1841-1917). Orville J. Nave (Editor). Anna Seamans Nave (Editor).

In this fifteenth chapter of Revelation, we have considered: 1 Seven angels with the seven last plagues. 3 The song of those that overcome the beast. 7 Seven golden vials full of the wrath of God.

VII. My Bucket List shows the references, of people and documents, that I use when I write my articles.

https://equippingblog.wordpress.com/bucket-list/embed/. 

VIII. My Websites To Follow.

https://equippingblog.wordpress.com/ Eternity

https://untotheleastofthese.home.blog/ Equipping The Saints Website

https://thechurchoftheopendoor.wordpress.com/ Israel Website

https://success2693.wordpress.com/ Israel, History And Prophecy

Revelation Prophecy – Chapter 14

Does God Specifically Protect The 144,000, And If So, Why?

I. Opening Video. John Ankerberg Show. John Ankerberg (M. Div., D. Min.); Ron Rhodes (Th. M., Th. D.) ; Mark Hitchcock (Th. M., J.D., Ph. D.)

II. Introduction. Dr. C.I. Scofield (D. D.; 1843-1921) Scofield Study Bible (1909, 1917, 1937, 1945, 1984, 1998, 2002, 2006, Editor, C.I. Scofield, Editorial Revision 1967 Committee Members: Charles L. Feinberg, Th. B., Th. M., Th. D., Ph. D., John F. Walvoord, Th. B., Th. M., Th. D.)

Parenthetic. 1. The Lamb and the 144,000 on Mount Zion (14:1-5). 2. Vision of the angel and the eternal Gospel (14:6-7). 3. Babylon’s fall foretold (14:8). 4. Doom to come on worshippers of the beast (14:9-12). 5. Blessedness of the holy dead (14:13).6. Vision of Armageddon (14:14-20).

III. Overview. 

A. Dr. David Jeremiah. (Th. M., D.D.) Jeremiah Study Bible.

These seven visions are not in chronological sequence; they are more like a panoramic view of the Tribulation period. In some respects, this chapter is like a table of contents for the rest of the Book of Revelation, chronicling the salvation of God’s people, the fall of Babylon, the final battle, and God’s judgment on unbelieving humanity.

B. Dr. Kendell H. Easley (M. Div., Ph. D.) Holman New Testament Commentary – Revelation.

In this chapter, John has written for us images, both glorious and terrible. For the righteous, there will be glory and honor, for the Lamb has protected and gathered His people. For the wicked, there will be shame and torment, for the winepress of God’s fury will bring it to pass.

C. Dr. J. Dwight Pentecost (Th. M., Th. D.; 1915-2014) Things To Come, p 301.

The “destiny” of the remnant. Speaking of those brought to the Lord through the ministry of the 144,000 in Revelation 7:15-16, they are seen “before the throne” (Rev 14:3). Thus the destiny of this remnant is the kingdom over which Christ will rule from the “throne of David.” Those promises are not heavenly, but earthly, and will be fulfilled in the millennium.

D. Dr. Charles L. Feinberg (Th. B., Th. M., Th. D., Ph. D.,1909-1995). Liberty Commentary Bible.

Chapter 14 is the sequel and God’s answer to the wickedness of the persons in Chapter 13. God intervenes in grace and judgment. As stated earlier, Chapters 12-14 form a series of their own and are placed between the trumpet and vial judgments, intending to emphasize the individuals who are prominent in the end time. R.H. Charles claims: “The entire chapter is proleptic in character. That is, the orderly development of future events, as set forth in the successive visions is here … abandoned, and all the coming judgments from 16:17, to 20:7-10, are summarized in 6:6-11, 14, 18-20″ (The Revelation of St. John II, p 1).

E. Dr. John F. Walvoord (Th. B., Th. M., Th. D., 1910-2002) The Revelation of Jesus Christ.

Chapter 14 brings to a conclusion the material found in the section of chapters 12 through 14. Chapter 12 deals with the important characters of the period, chapter 13 with the wicked rulers of the period, and chapter 14 with the ultimate triumph of Christ. All of this material is not chronological but prepares the way for the climax which begins in chapter 15. Chapter 14 consists of a series of pronouncements and visions assuring the reader of the ultimate triumph of Christ and the judgment of the wicked. Much of the chapter is prophetic of events that have not yet taken place, but which are now impending. The chapter begins with the assurance that the Lamb will ultimately stand in triumph on Mount Zion with his followers, and it concludes with a series of pronouncements of judgments upon the wicked.

IV. Verse Examination.  Dr. Charles C. Ryrie (Th. M., Th. D., Ph. D.; 1925-2016) Ryrie Study Bible. 

https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+14&version=NASB1995

Revelation Chapter 14 New American Standard Bible 1995

A. 14:1. “the Lamb.” I.e., Christ. “one hundred and forty-four thousand.” Evidently the same group that was introduced in 7:4, though now their work on earth is finished and they are in heaven. Another interpretation takes “Mount Zion” as the earthly Jerusalem and the 144,000  as surviving the Tribulation on earth.

B. 14:4. “not … defiled with women.” This may simply mean that the 144,000 were unmarried, or it may indicate their state of separation unto God (cf. 2 Cor 11:2). “first fruits.” The salvation of the 144,000 will precede the salvation of a larger group of Israelites, who will turn to the Lord at the end of the Tribulation (cf. Isa, 2:3; Rom 11:15).

C. 14:6. “an eternal gospel to preach.” God’s last call of grace to the world before the return of Christ in judgment.

D. 14:8. “fallen is Babylon.” This fall is described in detail in chaps. 17-18. 

E. 14:10-13, The wicked will be tormented in the lake of fire forever, with no hope of annihilation or restoration. In contrast, the righteous will have rest forever.

F. 14:12: Saints will be able to endure, knowing that God will punish their enemies (vv. 9-11).G. 14:20. Apparently a reference to Armageddon (16:16; cf. 19:17-19), when the blood from the slaughter will flow 180 miles (290 km) to the depth of about 4.5 feet (1.3 m). The blood or horses added to that of the large armies of human soldiers could easily cause such an enormous river of blood.

V. Summary. Dr. Orville J. Nave, Nave’s Study Bible, 1978 (D.D., LL. D., 1841-1917). Orville J. Nave (Editor). Anna Seamans Nave (Editor).

In this fourteenth chapter of Revelation, we have considered: 1 The Lamb on Mount Zion with His company. 6 The triumph of the gospel. 8 The fall of Babylon. 9 The worshiper of the beast and his image threatened. 13 The reward of the faithful. 15. The harvest of the world.

 
VI. Parting Thought.

A. In Rev 14:3, we see the 144,000 Jews of Rev 7:4.  In 7:4 these Jewish evangelists are “sealed.” In 14:3, these same 144,000 are still alive, having survived the Tribulation. Born again believers in Christ will be saved “from the tribulation,” by the Rapture (John 14:1-6, 1 Cor 15:50-58, 1 Thes 4:13-18, Titus 2:13). These Jews. who were not believers in Christ, at the time of the Rapture, were left behind “from the Rapture” to be present “in the Tribulation.” God sealed them for protection which saved them “through the Tribulation.” The number of these sealed Jews is 144,000  is shown in Rev 7:4, prior to the beginning of their Tribulation ministry. The number of these same Jews is shown to also be 144,000 in Rev 14:3, at the end of the Tribulation. 

B. Rev 14:4 says that these 144,000 Jews “have not defiled themselves with women, for they have kept themselves chaste.” Per the remainder of this verse, it appears that these Jews, whether sexually virgins, or not, were “sold out to Christ.”  In Walvoord’s, “The Revelation of Jesus Christ, Dr. Walvoord gave a plausible understanding of these Jews, “referring to spiritual purity, that is, they are not defiled by love of the world or compromise with evil, but keep themselves pure in a world situation which is morally filthy.”

C. In Rev 14:19 the angel, in response to the entreaty, thrusts or “casts” (Gr., ebalen) his sickle into the earth and harvests its vintage casting it into what is described as “the great winepress of the wrath of God.” This action is actually fulfilled in Revelation 19:15, where the same figure of speech is used. (Revelation of Jesus Christ, Walvoord). 

VII. My Bucket List shows the references, of people and documents, that I use when I write my articles.

https://equippingblog.wordpress.com/bucket-list/embed/. 

VIII. My Websites To Follow.

https://equippingblog.wordpress.com/ Eternity

https://untotheleastofthese.home.blog/ Equipping The Saints Website

https://thechurchoftheopendoor.wordpress.com/ Israel Website

https://success2693.wordpress.com/ Israel, History And Prophecy

Revelation Prophecy – Chapter 13

I. Video Data. Target Israel – Antichrist And The False Prophet. 100huntley. Dr. Ed Hindson (Th. M., Th. D., D. Min., Ph. D.)

II. Introduction. Dr. C.I. Scofield (D. D.; 1843-1921) Scofield Study Bible (1909, 1917, 1937, 1945, 1984, 1998, 2002, 2006, Editor, C.I. Scofield, Editorial Revision 1967 Committee Members: Charles L. Feinberg, Th. B., Th. M., Th. D., Ph. D.; John F. Walvoord, Th. B., Th. M., Th. D.)

A. Rev 13. The Rise and Reign of the Beast and the False Prophet. 13:1-10: The beast out of the sea; the deadly wound healed. 13:11-18: The beast out of the earth; the number of a man 666.

B. Revelation Chapter 13 unveils the conditions on the earth at the end of the age when the following factors will be manifest:

C. The first beast of Revelation 13: 1. the world ruler is satanically energized (vv 2, 4). 2. he and his image are worshipped (vv 4, 8, 12, 15). 3. he is acknowledged as possessing supreme military power (v 4). 4. he exercises a universal authority (v 7). 5. he persecutes believers in Christ (vv 6-7).

D. The second beast of Revelation Chapter 13. 1. is a deceiver (vv 13-14). 2. exercises economic dictatorship (vv 16-17).

III. Overview.  

A.  Dr. Charles L. Feinberg (Th. B., Th. M., Th. D., Ph. D.) 1909-1995).Liberty Commentary Bible.

The Apostle John continues the delineation of the chief participants of the end times in this chapter, adding to more to those given in chapter 12. A study of Daniel 7, 9, and 11 is essential to the understanding of this vital chapter of the Apocalypse. (See following note).

B. Dr. John F. Walvoord (Th. B., Th. M., Th. D.; 1910-2002) Revelation Commentary.(Rev 1:1 note).

The word “revelation” is a translation of the Greek “apokalypsis,” meaning  “an unveiling” or a “disclosure.” From this word comes the English “apocalypse”

C. Dr. John F. Walvoord (Th. B., Th. M., Th. D.; 1910-2002) Every Prophecy of the Bible, p 580.

This narrative covers the remaining 3 1/2 years of the 7 year Tribulation.
In this chapter prophecy focuses on the coming world government and the beast and the false prophet who lead it. This gathers in many prophecies throughout Scripture that speak of this crucial end time of three-and-a half years, culminating in the second coming of Christ. 

D.  Dr. J. Dwight Pentecost (Th. M., Th. D.; 1915-2014) Things To Come, p 231. The events of the Day of the Lord (Tribulation and Millennium) will include:

1. Daniel 2 and 7. The prophesied events of the tribulation period, such as the federation of states into a Roman Empire. 2. Daniel 9:27 and Rev 13:1-10. The rise of a political leader who made a covenant with Israel. 3. Rev 13: 11-18.The formulation of a false religious system under the false prophet.

E. Dr. David Hocking. (M. Div., D. Min., Ph. D.)

In Rev 12, the dragon was described as having “seven heads and ten horns.” That description is a prelude to what we discover in Rev 13. It is Satan himself who brings two world leaders to power, one political and the other religious. Both are called “beasts,” one “rising out of the sea” and the other “coming out of the earth.” This unholy trinity includes the following: 1. First beast out of the bottomless pit: Satan. 2. Second beast out of the sea: Antichrist. 3. Third beast out of the earth: False Prophet.

F. Dr. David Jeremiah. (Th. M., D.D.) Jeremiah Study Bible.

1. 13:1-10. The beast that John saw coming out of the sea is a composite of the four wild animals that Daniel saw (Dan 7:2-8). These four creatures (leopard, bear, lion, dragon) represent the four kingdoms that would arise, one after another (Babylon, Greece, Persia and Rome. This beast is the Antichrist (12:3; 17:3; Dan 7:7-8). 2. 13:11-18. John’s vision includes something that Daniel never saw – another beast, rising out of the earth. This beast is the false prophet, referred to in chapters 16, 19, 20. He looks like a lamb – meek and mild. In reality, this leader possessed by Satan has the heart of a serpent, the voice of a dragon, and the authority of the Antichrist. His miracles (great signs) will cause the whole world to bow down to the Antichrist and his image (Matt 7:15).

IV. Verse Examination.  Dr. Charles C. Ryrie (Th. M., Th. D., Ph. D.; 1925-2016) Ryrie Study Bible. 

A. 13:1. “a beast.” The Antichrist. See 11:7. Many emperors of Rome deified themselves, but Antichrist will far outstrip all his predecessors in his blasphemous ways. “ten horns.” The 10 kings that will give their power and authority to the Antichrist (17:12-13). 

B. 13:2. “the dragon gives his power.” Satan gives Antichrist his power.

C. 13:3. “had been slain.”  The same word is used in 5:6 of Christ’s actual death, though here it may indicate a wound that normally would be fatal. “his fatal wound was healed.” Apparently, Satan will miraculously restore Antichrist to life in imitation of the resurrection of Christ. No wonder the world will acclaim Antichrist.

D. 13:5. “forty-two months.” Apparently, the last 3 1/2 years of the tribulation period during which Antichrist’s power is practically unrestrained.

E. 13:6. “His tabernacle.” God’s dwelling place in heaven. 

F. 13:7-8. Antichrist’s rule will extend to all, except believers whose names have been written in the “book of life.” The phrase “from the foundation of the world” relates to the writing of the names, not to the crucifixion (cf. 17:8).

G.13:10. Assurance that God will punish evildoers sustains the faith of those who are persecuted during these days. 

H. 13:11. “another beast.” This man is Antichrist’s lieutenant, who will enforce the worship of Antichrist by performing miracles (v 13), by making and animating an image of Antichrist (vv 14-15), by sentencing to death those who disobey (v 15), and by requiring a mark on the hand or forehead in order that men may buy and sell (vv 16-17). Satan, the Antichrist, and his second beast form an evil trinity.

I. 13:18. “his number is 666.” Somehow unknown to us, this number will play an important part in the identification of the Antichrist in a future day.

V. Summary. Dr. Orville J. Nave, Nave’s Study Bible, 1978 (D.D., LL. D., 1841-1917). Orville J. Nave (Editor). Anna Seamans Nave (Editor).

In this thirteenth chapter of Revelation, we have considered the following flow of details: (1) A beast arises out of the sea with seven heads and ten horns, to whom the dragon gives his power. (11) Another beast comes up out of the earth, and causes men to worship the first beast, (16) and to receive his mark.

VI. Parting Thought.

All of the individuals who are seen in the Book of Revelation, beginning in Chapter 6, are those who were left behind from the Rapture (John 14:1-6; 1 Cor 15:50-54; 1 Thes 4:13-18; Titus 2:13). The Rapture will take place only after “the fullness of the Gentiles comes in” (Rom 11:25), with that fullness being determined by God, which relates to a certain number of Gentiles coming to belief in Christ. The Rapture relates only to “the church,” which consists of the born again body of believers in Christ, whether they were prior Jews or Gentiles. The Tribulation is a time in which God will deal with unbelieving Jews (Jer 30:7), to draw them to belief in Christ. During the Tribulation, unbelieving Gentiles who will be left behind from the rapture will also have the ability to come to belief in Christ. Regardless of which group of unbelievers are present on Earth during the Tribulation, they will all have the opportunity to come to belief in Christ as Messiah, as Lord and Savior. The Tribulation will begin only after the Antichrist confirms a covenant with Israel (Daniel 9:27), thereby making the Tribulation an event that relates to Israel, and not to the Church. The Tribulation will not begin immediately after the Rapture takes place, but only after the Antichrist confirms a covenant with Israel (a peace covenant of safety, J. Dwight Pentecost, Bible Knowledge Commentary). The length of time that will exist between the Rapture and the Tribulation is unknown. There are reputable theologians who believe that there may be as much as a fifty-year period of time, or a lesser time period, between the Rapture and the time that the Antichrist confirms a covenant with Israel. The conditions of Revelation 13 are consistent with the headlines of world events that are taking place today. We must understand that the provisions of Romans 11:25 have to take place prior to the Rapture. We must also understand that the events of Revelation, Chapter 6 and following chapters, will not take place until after the Rapture takes place. So, why does so much of current world events especially relate to Revelation 13, as well as to other chapters in the Book of Revelation? The answer to that question is quite simple. The effects of the fall of Adam and Eve, with the resulting curse (Gen 3:14), are easily recognizable in the world today, and will be present until the curse is removed, as is written in Rev 22:3, having been enacted in Rev 21:1. All of the perfection of the Garden conditions of Genesis 1 and 2 are “no more.” Ephesians 2:2, speaks of “the prince of the power of the air” (who is Satan, Ryrie Study Bible), “that is now working in the sons of disobedience.” Born again believers in Christ have the Spirit of Christ dwelling within their spirits, prompting them to righteousness (2 Cor 5:17, 21). Those of whom have not been born again, do not have the Spirit of Christ dwelling within their Spirits, and, therefore are prompted to unrighteousness by Satan. Everyone makes mistakes, but believers in Christ recognize their sinful mistakes and ask for God to lead them to righteous living (1 John 1:9). Unbelievers lead lifestyles that are not consistent with Godly teaching (1 Cor 6:9-11), and lead lifestyles that will lead them to the eternal lake of fire (Rev 20:15), due to their not being born again.. In the meantime, we are seeing the outward effects of the decisions of unbelievers as they are trying to lead our world into a society that exists to make our world into one that is totally opposed to the teachings of God’s Holy Word.  Nobody can claim to be a born again believer in Christ, yet support abortion or homosexuality which is the focus of most of our world’s leaders today. There is no great world-wide revival that is discussed in Scripture that will reverse the effects of sin which is gradually, and, totally. taking over the minds and actions of most of our world’s leaders. So, as believers in Christ, our responsibility is to lead unbelievers to a belief in Christ as Lord and Savior (John 3:16-18), where such new believers will be “born again” (John 3:3), with the result of the Spirit of Christ dwelling within their Spirits, prompting them to righteous lifestyles. There will be revival during the Tribulation, for those who will  be left behind from the Rapture, but it will be difficult for them to come to belief in Christ (2 Thes 2:11, “they will believe what is false,” Ryrie Study Bible note… men will believe what is false, as Satan works through Antichrist); such Tribulation saints will also come under great persecution and death during the Tribulation (Rev 6:9-11).

VII. My Bucket List shows the references, of people and documents, that I use when I write my articles.

https://equippingblog.wordpress.com/bucket-list/embed/. 

VIII. My Websites To Follow.

https://equippingblog.wordpress.com/ Eternity

https://untotheleastofthese.home.blog/ Equipping The Saints Website

https://thechurchoftheopendoor.wordpress.com/ Israel Website

https://success2693.wordpress.com/ Israel, History And Prophecy

Revelation Prophecy – Chapter 12

Who is the woman described in Revelation 12?

Who is the child mentioned in Revelation 12?

II. Overview.

A. Dr. C.I. Scofield (D. D.; 1843-1921) Scofield Study Bible (1909, 1917, 1937, 1945, 1984, 1998, 2002, 2006, Editor, C.I. Scofield, Editorial Revision 1967 Committee Members: Charles L. Feinberg, Th. B., Th. M., Th. D., Ph. D., John F. Walvoord, Th. B., Th. M., Th. D.)

Prominent Personages. 12:1-2, The woman, Israel, gives birth to the male child, Christ. 12:3-4, The red dragon: Satan. 12:5-6, The male child: Christ. 12:7-12, The archangel: Michael. 12: 13-17, Jewish remnant assaulted by Satan.

B. Dr. John F. Walvoord (Th. B., Th. M., Th. D.; 1910-2002) Revelation Commentary.

1. 12:1. The woman symbolized Israel, as indicated by Genesis 37:9-11, where the sun and moon referred to Jacob and Rachel, Joseph’s parents. The stars in the woman’s crown clearly related to the 12 sons of Jacob, and identified the woman as Israel, fulfilling the Abrahamic Covenant. J.B. Smith cites Isaiah 60:1-3, 20, as proof that the sun relates to Israel’s future glory (A Revelation of Jesus Christ, p 182).
2. 12:4. The casting down of a third of the stars out of the sky seemed to imply the satanic power which extended to the heavens and the earth. Satan was seen here to extend his power over those who opposed him spiritually or politically. 

C. Dr. Robert L. Thomas (Th. M., Th. D.; 1928-2017) Revelation Commentary.

1. 12:2. This is the figure of Israel as a travailing woman, as occurs so often in the OT (Isa 13:8, 21:3, 26:17-18, and others). Just as a woman feels the pains of childbirth, so did the nation in preparation for the coming of Christ. The cause of these pains, at least in part, is the persecution of the nation inspired by Satan in an attempt to stop the birth and destroy this people of God. Israel was in travail at the time of Christ’s first coming.
2. 12:3. Establishing the identity of the dragon as Satan is not difficult because of explicit statements of who he is in 12:9 and 20:2. 

D. Dr. J. Dwight Pentecost (Th. M., Th. D.; 1915-2014) Things To Come, 1958, pp 215, 296.

12:5. This verse can only refer to Christ, the one whose right it is to rule. The Psalmist confirms this interpretation in Psalm 2:9, which is admittedly Messianic. The one from whom Christ came can only be Israel. 
12:7-17. The dragon is seen to have seven heads and ten horns and seven crowns on his heads (Rev 12:3), which are the same as the beast possesses in chapters thirteen through seventeen. It is plainly stated in 13:2 that this individual derives his authority from Satan. This shows us that Satan is seeking a governmental authority over the woman’s “remnant” (12:7), which authority rightly belongs to Christ Himself.

III. Scripture Text. Revelation Chapter 12. NASB. Pasted from Bible Gateway

https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+12&version=NASB

Revelation Chapter 12

IV. Verse Examination.

Dr. Charles C. Ryrie (Th. M., Th. D., Ph. D.; 1925-2016) Ryrie Study Bible.

1. 12:1. “a woman.” She represents Israel, who gave Christ to the world (v 5) and who will be persecuted during the Tribulation (v 13).
2. 12:3. “a great red dragon.” Satan (v 9).
3. 12:4. “a third of the stars of heaven.” This may refer to Satan’s past rebellion against God (Ezek 28:13); if so it suggests that a third of the angels joined Satan and were cast out of heaven with him. Or, the reference may be to a meteor shower judgment on the earth.
4. 12:5. The earthly life and death of Christ are not mentioned, only His birth and ascension.
5. 12:6. “one thousand two hundred and sixty days.” The last 3 1/2 years of the Tribulation will see intense persecution of Israel. Details are given in verse 13-17. No mention is made of the many hundreds of years between the Ascension (v 5) and the future Tribulation (v 6). See Daniel 9:27; Matt 24:14, 21; 1 Thes 4:17.
6. 12:7. “Michael …. the dragon.” This likely will occur at the midpoint of the Tribulation. Michael is the only angel designated an archangel in the Bible (Jude 9).
7. 12:9-11. Notice two of Satan’s activities in these verses: to deceive the world and to accuse the brethren. The believer’s defense against Satan is: (1) to bank on the merits of Christ: (2) to be active in witnessing, and: (3) to be willing to make any sacrifice, including death (v 11).
8. 12:9. Several judgments have, and will be passed on Satan: (1) his removal from guarding the throne of God (Ezek 28:14, 16 ); (2) the prophecy in the garden of Eden (Gen 3:15); (3) his defeat at the Cross (John 12:31); (4) his being barred from heaven (here in v 9); (5) his confinement in the abyss (20:3); and (6) his torment in the lake of fire forever (20:10). 
9. 12:14. Persecuted Israel will flee quickly as if on “wings” to an unspecified place in the “wilderness” where she will have protection and care.
10. 12:15-16 . In an attempt to dislodge the Jews, Satan will bring a flood. God then will cause the earth to open and swallow the water.
11. 12:17. Satan will then attack those who did not flee to the place of asylum. 

V. Additional Examination. Revelation 12:4. Remember the importance of “context.” Consider, also, the above 12:4 comments of Drs. Walvoord and Ryrie.

A. Robert H. Mounce, (Th. M., Ph. D., December 30, 1921 – January 24, 2019), The Book Of Revelation, The New International Commentary On The New Testament, 1977. “The cataclysmic action emphasizes the tremendous size and awesome power of the dragon. That he casts down a third part of the stars indicates no more than a great number. John is not teaching a theology of fallen angels, but reporting a great pageant enacted in the heavens. 

B. Kendell H. Easley (M. Div., Ph. D., (1949 – ) Holman New Testament Commentary – Revelation, 1998. “The seven heads suggest complete wisdom; the seven crowns point to blasphemous kingly claims; the ten horns mean power. (Daniel had a vision of a powerful single-headed, ten-horned beast (Dan 7:7, 20). Who is this sky-dragon? He, too, exists throughout the ages of time. Verse 9 will identify him as the devil. As God sees him throughout the ages, he is a vile dragon. In verse 4, John sees an illustration of his power: with a single mighty swish his tail swept a third of the stars out of the sky. “

C. Charles L. Feinberg (Th. B., Th. M., Th., D., Ph. D., 1909-1995). Liberty Commentary Bible, 1994. “The tail symbolizes delusive power (cf. Isa 9:15), which Satan uses to accomplish the moral ruin of those in the highest position. But, he is not successful with all, only a third. Upon whom was the venom of Satan poured out? The answer is clear; the woman’s child, as soon as it was born (cf. Mt 2 with Gen 3:15). Herod was merely a tool of Satan’s power, but he was nevertheless responsible. 

VI. Additional Thought. There has been discussion as it relates to the rapture of the church (born again believers of Christ) occurring during the Feast Of Trumpets (Lev 23:23-25; Num 29:1-6); relating it to the rapture passages of John 14:1- 6; 1 Cor 15:50-54, 1 Thes 4:13-18; Tit 2:13, and equating it to Matt 24:31. We will discuss that matter now. It is important to remember that the Feast of Trumpets took place around the fall of each year. The blowing of a trumpet signaled the beginning of the civil new year (Ryrie Study Bible, Lev 23:24 note). For the Israelites, the blowing of the horn represented God calling to His people to prepare for a holy assembly (Moody Bible Commentary, Rev 23:23-25 note). Notice that the Feast of Trumpets relates to Jews, and not to Gentiles, or to the church being caught up in the Rapture. We will continue.

A. In this Chapter, the conversation revolves around Israel, who is the main conversation piece of all of Biblical prophecy. From the beginning of Revelation Chapter 6, through the end of the Book, no mention is ever made of the Church.

B. Ryrie Study Bible. It is from the Jewish prophet, Jeremiah, that the Jews are told that the Tribulation is focused on the nation of Israel (Jer 30:7). It is from the Jewish prophet, Daniel, that the Jews are told that the Tribulation will come after the Anti-Christ makes a covenant with Israel (Dan 9:27), and that the Anti-Christ will break that covenant mid way through the Tribulation. It is from the Jewish prophet, Isaiah, that the Jews are told of the judgments of the tribulation period, and blessings of the millennial age (Isa 24:1). It is from the Jewish prophet Daniel that the Jews are told of the second coming Christ to earth, in that He will have dominion over the world (Dan 9:13-14). 

C. J. Dwight Pentecost, Things To Come. Re: Matt 24:31: p 196: Since every passage dealing with the tribulation relates to God’s program for Israel, that the scope of the Tribulation prevents the church from participating in it. p 197: Since the Father never sees the church, except in Christ, perfected in Him, this period can have no reference to the church, for the true church does not need to be tested to see if her faith is genuine. p 282: The Lord is indicating that the regathering of Israel (Matt 24:31), the next event, will be the judging of Israel on the earth to determine who will go into the kingdom. (MT 24:31…THE REGATHERING OF ISRAEL). p 425: In Matt there is no resurrection before the judgment, but only a gathering of His elect (Matt 24:31). (The elect is Israel “Deu 14:2, mine). 

D. John F. Walvoord, Every Prophecy of the Bible. p 36: The Feast of Trumpets anticipates the future regathering of Israel (Lev 23:23-25). p 39: God promised to restore His people when they turn to Him in repentance and submission (Deu 30:1-10). In Matt 24:30, Matthew was not talking about the Rapture of the church, which is described in totally different language (1 Thes 4:16). When Christ comes to earth He will send out His angels to assemble the elect (Israel; Deu 14:2) “And He will send His angels with a loud trumpet call and they will gather His elect from the four winds, from one end of the heavens to the other (Matt 24:31). Mark described the same event as the assembling of the elect both from earth and heaven (Mk 13:27). 

E. Eugene H. Merrill, Ph. D. The New American Commentary, Deuteronomy. The Lord would undertake His work of restoration. From the ends of the earth He would bring back those whom He had banished in Judgment (Deu 30:3; 4:27-31). (Deu 30:2-4). 

F. MacArthur Study Bible. The Feast of Trumpets, Rosh Hashanah (Num 29:1-6). Fulfilled in Israel’s regathering by Christ (Matt 24:31). Matt 24:31 note: All the elect from heaven and earth are gathered and assembled before Christ, ushering in the millennial reign of Christ. 

G. Neither the Church, nor the Rapture, was known to Jewish prophets, therefore both were “mysteries” until the time in which they were revealed in the New Testament. Consider the following verses:

1. 1 Cor 15:51, “Behold, I tell you a mystery; we will not all sleep, but we will be changed.” Ryrie Note. The rapture of the church described in verses 51-58 was a “mystery,” unknown in the OT but now revealed. “we will not all sleep.” I.e., not all die (1 Thes 4:15). Some will be alive when the Lord returns, but all will be “changed.”

2. Eph 5:32. “This ‘mystery’ is great; but I am speaking with reference to Christ and the church.” 

H. The term “immiency” is key to a proper understanding of the Rapture, which means that the Rapture can happen at any time of the day, week, month, or year. Consider the following verses that show that the Rapture is not confined to the fall months of the year.

1. John 14:2-3,  “2 I am going there to prepare a place for you. 3 And if I go and prepare a place for you, I am coming again and will take you to Myself, so that where I am, there you also will be. (Note. Jesus was talking to Jews, If he had a plan to return on a feast day, this would have been the perfect occasion for such a discussion).

2. 1 Thes 4:16-17, “16 For the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel and with the trumpet of God, and the dead in Christ will rise first. 17 Then we who are alive, who remain, will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we will always be with the Lord. (Note. Paul explained the rapture without making any mention of a time of the Rapture).

3. 1 Cor 15: 52, “in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet; for the trumpet will sound, and the dead will be raised imperishable, and we will be changed.” (Paul makes no statement of a time for the rapture.).

4. Tit 2:13, “looking for the blessed hope and the appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior, Christ Jesus,” (Note: The early church was looking for the appearance of the Lord in the rapture, and not for a particular time of year. 

I. Early Christians were not given a course of study in the Old Testament. The message of the New Testament was, “Christ and Him crucified.

1. 1 Cor 1:23, “but we preach Christ crucified, to Jews a stumbling block, and to Gentiles foolishness”

2. 2 Cor 2:2, “For I determined to know nothing among you except Jesus Christ, and Him crucified.”

J. As the early church spread out beyond the borders of Israel, some of those who spread the message of Christ were Gentile, and some were Jew. Their purpose in teaching of Christ was of Him, and of Him crucified. Those early missionaries had no reason to teach the feasts of Israel, or anything else of the Old Testament. A good example of the witness of these early disciples was that of Acts 16:31, “Believe in the Lord Jesus, and you will be saved.”

K. The rapture of the church will take place only after “the fullness of the Gentiles comes in” (Rom 11:25), i.e., the full number of Gentiles who will be saved (Ryrie Study Bible), and not based on any other standard.  

L. The Old Testament prophets spoke to Jews about things that they knew about, such as the Tribulation and Kingdom Age (Millennium), i.e., Isa 24-27. Chs 24-27 deal with judgment and blessing in the last days, the time of God’s final victory over the forces of evil (NASB Study Bible). The end times is a subject that is based on spoken prophecy from God, to Jewish Prophets, to Jewish people. The Rapture is not a matter of prophecy, and relates only to born again believers in Christ. The Tribulation is a matter of prophecy, and relates only to Jews (and Gentiles) who are not born again believers in Christ. The Kingdom Age (Millennium) is a matter of prophecy and relates to the earthly Kingdom that Christ will establish and oversee for 1,000 years, with only born again believers in Christ (John 3:3, Jew and Gentile) being the subjects of Christ (Isa 2:1-4; Zech 14:1-5 9). Old Testament Jews “watched” for the prophecies to be fulfilled, based on the teachings and fulfillment of those teachings of the Jewish prophets. New Testament believers in Christ “wait” for our Lord’s return, without any particular season of the year having to come into view. If the rapture of the church was supposed to occur on the Feast of Trumpets, such a fact would have been clearly stated in Scripture, and would have been taught by Old Testament Jewish prophets, and by New Testament Apostles, neither of which happened. 

VII. Summary.

Dr. Orville J. Nave, Nave’s Study Bible, 1978 (D.D., LL. D., 1841-1917). Orville J. Nave (Editor). Anna Seamans Nave (Editor).

In this twelfth chapter of Revelation, we considered the following flow of details:  (1)  A woman clothed with sun travails. (3)  A great dragon stands ready to devour her child. (5)  Being delivered, and the child caught up to God, the woman flees into the wilderness. (7)  Michael and his angels overcome the dragon. (13) The dragon, cast down into the earth, persecutes the woman.  

VIII. My Bucket List shows the references, of people and documents, that I use when I write my articles.

https://equippingblog.wordpress.com/bucket-list/embed/. 

IX. My Websites To Follow.

https://equippingblog.wordpress.com/ Eternity

https://untotheleastofthese.home.blog/ Equipping The Saints Website

https://thechurchoftheopendoor.wordpress.com/ Israel Website

https://success2693.wordpress.com/ Israel, History And Prophecy

Revelation Prophecy – Chapter 11

Who are the two witnesses, and what is their purpose?

What happens to the two witnesses in the book of Revelation.

I. Opening Videos’ Speakers. John Ankerberg Show. John Ankerberg (M. Div., D. Min.); Ron Rhodes (Th.M.,Th.D.); Ed Hindson (Th. M., Th. D., D. Min., Ph. D.); Mark Hitchcock (Th. M., J.D., Ph. D.)

II. Overview.

A. Dr. John F. Walvoord (Th. B., Th. M., Th. D; 1910-2002) Revelation Commentary,

1. John was instructed to measure the temple and the altar, but not the outer court, meaning he was to measure the holy place and the holy of holies. While others could come into the outer court, only priests could enter into two temple rooms. The explanation was given that this would be under the control of the Gentiles, who would trample on the holy city for 42 months. The times of the Gentiles (Luke 21:24) will not end until the second coming of Christ to the earth to set up His Kingdom. Though Jews may possess Jerusalem temporarily, as they have in this century, they will lose possession in the Great Tribulation.

2. At the same moment of  the rapture of the two witnesses an earthquake occurred in Jerusalem, with 1/10 of the city collapsing and 7,000 people being killed. The survivors were terrified and gave glory to the God of heaven. So ended the second woe, leaving only the seventh trumpet, the final and third woe, to come. Though the full results from the sounding of the seventh trumpet are only introduced here, and not brought to finality (as they will be in chap 16), the introduction of the seventh trumpet is dramatic. As the trumpet sounded, voices were heard in heaven: “the kingdom of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord and of His Christ, and He will reign forever and ever. (Cf. predictions of the earthly kingdom of Christ in Ezek 21:26-27; Dan 2:35, 44; 4:3; 6:26; 7:14, 26 -27; Zech 14:9). The fact that this will be fulfilled at the Second Coming makes it clear that the period of the seventh trumpet chronologically reaches to Christ’s return. Therefore, the seventh trumpet introduces and includes the seven bowl judgments of the wrath of God revealed in chapter 16. In contrast with previous trumpets where a single voice was heard, here a mighty chorus from heaven joined in the proclamation.

B. Dr. Robert L. Thomas (Th. M., Th. D.; 1928-2017) Revelation Commentary.

1. The temple as the dwelling place of God is not in view here, It is the Jewish temple in Jerusalem which is hardly a suitable picture of the church which is largely Gentile. The outer court and the entire city experience trampling by the Gentiles, signifying that the temple and the court stand for something that best contrasts with the Gentiles, i.e., something Jewish. The mention of the sanctuary, the altar, the court of the Gentiles, and the holy city shows unmistakably that the discussion at this point is on Jewish ground. But most obvious of all is the logical fallacy that if the sanctuary represents the church of the Messianic community, who are the worshipers that are measured along with the sanctuary and the altar?

2. This is a literal temple that will exist in actuality during the future period just before Christ returns. The false Messiah will desecrate it and turn it into a place for people to worship him (cf. Dan 9:27; 12:11; 2 Thes 2:4; Rev 13:14-15). This allows for a distinction between the temple and the worshipers in it, Jesus’ anticipation of the future abomination of desolation (Matt 24:15) and Paul’s prophecy regarding the future temple (2 Thes 2:4) require a literal temple in the future. 

C. Dr. J. Dwight Pentecost (Th. M., Th. D.; 1915-2014) Things To Come, 1958, pp 215, 295.

1. Page 215. Chronologically, in the Book of Revelation, Chapters 1-3 present the development of the church in this present age. Chapters 4-11 cover the events of the entire 70th week of Daniel and conclude with the return of Christ to the earth to reign in 11:15-18. According to the instructions given in John 10:11, chapters 12-19 survey the 70th week a second time, this time with a view to revealing the actors on the stage of the drama. 

2. Page 295. When the nation of Israel is brought back to her land after the rapture by the covenant enacted by the head of the the Revised Roman Empire (Dan 9:27), Israel is still in unbelief. God, however, is very definitely dealing with that nation to bring it to salvation. The whole 70th week of Daniel is a period of preparation for the coming of the King. The gospel of “the kingdom” (Mt 24:14), which requires repentance, will be preached. There will be the ministry of the 144,000 sealed of Israel (Rev 7) and the ministry of the two witnesses (Rev 11), all with the intent of bringing the nation (Israel) to repentance and salvation. The outpouring of the wrath of God is seen for the purpose of bringing men to repentance (Rev 16:9-10). While the majority will not repent, some may be turned to God by these signs.

III. Scripture Text. Revelation Chapter 11. NASB. Pasted from Bible Gateway

https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+11&version=NASB1995

Revelation Chapter 11

IV. Verse Examination. Dr. Charles C. Ryrie (Th. M., Th. D., Ph. D., Litt. D.; 1925-2016) Ryrie Study Bible.

A. 11:1. “the temple of God.” Apparently the temple that will be built during the Tribulation, in which Jewish worship will be carried on during the first part of that seven-year period and in which, at the midpoint, the man of sin will exalt himself to be worshipped (2 Thes 2:4).

B. 11:2. “forty-two months.” This equals 3 1/2 years and probably refers to the last of the tribulation period during which Jerusalem will be under some sort of Gentile (the nations) control. Thus, “the times of the Gentiles” (see Luke 21:24) will not conclude until the end of the Tribulation.

C. 11:3. “1260 days.” This also equals 3 1/2 years and refers to the period of the ministry of the two witnesses. Whether the two witnesses will prophesy during the first half or the last half of the Tribulation is not stated, though the first half seems more likely, since their termination by Antichrist (v 7) fits better at the midpoint of the Tribulation than at the end.

D. 11:4. “two olive trees.” For the symbolism, see Zechariah 4:12 and 14. “two lampstands” that give out a witness (v 3). 

E. 11:5-6. The miraculous powers of the two unnamed witnesses are reminiscent of those of Elijah and Moses (cf. Ex 7:20; 8:1-12:29; 1 Kings 17:1; 18:41-45; 2 Kings 1:10-12).

F. 11:7. “the beast.” The Antichrist, also called “the man of lawlessness”  (2 Thes 2:3). The same person is mentioned in 6:2; 13:1; 14:9, 11; 15:2; 16:2; 17:3, 13; 19:20; 20:10. He can not kill these two witnesses until God allows him to.

G. 11:8. “the great city.” I.e., Jerusalem, which in these coming days will be like “Sodom” (filled with perverted sex) and “Egypt” (persecuting God’s people).

H. 11:9-10. So corrupt are peoples’ hearts that they will refuse burial and have a 3 1/2 day celebration of Antichrist’s victory over the two witnesses.

I. 11:11. “and they stood on their feet.” Imagine the effect the resurrection of these two men will have on those who, only the moment before, were viewing their corpses in the street or were watching TV news!

J. 11:13. “the rest.” Those who were not killed by the earthquake. “gave glory to the God of heaven” momentarily, for soon they would again curse the God of heaven (16: 11).

K. 11:15. The end is near enough now that the announcement of it can be made.

L. 16-19.The announcement evokes praise from the “elders” (vv 16-17) and anger from the “nations;” and soon will come judgment on the “dead” and the rewarding of the “saints.” 

V. Summary. Dr. Orville J. Nave, Nave’s Study Bible, 1978 (D.D., LL. D., 1841-1917). Orville J. Nave (Editor). Anna Seamans Nave (Editor).

In this Eleventh Chapter of Revelation, we have considered: 1 John is directed to measure the temple. 3 The two witnesses, 6 and their power. 7  The beast shall kill them. 8 Their bodies unburied, 11 after three days and a half are raised to life. 14 The second woe is past. 15 The seventh angel sounds, and there is rejoicing in heaven. 

VI. Added Thought.

When we consider whether the two witnesses are Enoch and Elijah, or Moses and Elijah, there are couple of key things to take into consideration. During the time of the Tribulation, when the two witnesses will be preaching for the world to hear their message, their message will relate to “The Gospel of The Kingdom,” (Matt 24:14, John 3:2; Matt 4:17; Matt 10: 7; Luke 10:9). Moses and Elijah were Jews; Moses died, but Elijah did not die, having been caught up to heaven. Enoch was a Gentile, having lived on this earth before the nation of Israel came into existence (Gen 5:21), and never knew anything about the Law, also having been caught up to heaven without dying. Moses represented the Law, and Elijah represented the Prophets. Per the opening video, Moses and Elijah appeared with Christ on the Mount of Transfiguration; Enoch did not. Some people point to Hebrews 9:27, ” it is appointed for men to die once and after this comes judgment.” But, Heb 9:27 is a general statement. Consider Lazarus, whom Jesus raised from death (John 11:43-44); he died a second death. All of us who will be caught up in the rapture (if the Lord wills it to happen in our lifetime), will not have to taste death.

VII. My Bucket List  shows the references, of people and documents, that I use when I write my articles.

https://equippingblog.wordpress.com/bucket-list/embed/. 

VIII. My Websites To Follow.

https://equippingblog.wordpress.com/ Eternity

https://untotheleastofthese.home.blog/ Equipping The Saints Website

https://thechurchoftheopendoor.wordpress.com/ Israel Website

https://success2693.wordpress.com/ Israel, History And Prophecy

Revelation Prophecy – Chapter 10

What is the “little book” that John was told to eat?

I. Video Data. John Ankerberg Show. Speakers are Drs: John Ankerberg (M. Div., D. Min.); Ron Rhodes (Th.M., Th.D.);  Ed Hindson (Th. M., Th. D., D. Min., Ph. D.); Mark Hitchcock (Th. M., J.D., Ph. D.)

II. Overview.

A. Dr. Robert L. Thomas (Th. M., Th. D.; 1928-2017). Revelation Commentary.

1. With the completion of the sixth trumpet, also called the second woe, the seventh trumpet does not come immediately, but awaits the setting of the stage for its sounding. Two preliminary elements must prepare the way for this last in the trumpet series: the announcement of the end of delay (10:1-11) and the measurement of the temple and its worshippers (11:1-14).

2. 10:1a. John sees the angel in the process of his descent from heaven, as he does the angel in 20:1. This confirms that John has moved from heaven, where he has been since 8:2, to the earth. Being “clothed in a cloud” enhanced the glory of the angel’s appearance.  Clouds are often the vehicles on which heavenly beings ascend or descend, usually in an eschatologial setting (Ps 104:3; Dan 7:13; Isa 19:1; Acts 1:9; Rev 1:7). 

3. 10:1b. The angel’s function is shown in relation to the trumpet judgments, past and future. This association adds reinforcement to the theme of judgment suggested by the fire, tempered by mercy already seen in the rainbow.

4. 10:7. The period of the seventh trumpet includes the seven bowls (16 :1 ff.), which culminate in the destruction of Babylon, and consummation of all things.

B. Dr. J. Dwight Pentecost (Th. M., Th. D.; 1915-2014) Things To Come, pp 187-190.

1. 10:7. (1) The trumpet of 1 Cor 15:52, sounds before the wrath of God descends, while, the chronology of Revelation indicates that the trumpet in Rev 11:15 sounds at the end of the time of wrath, just prior to the second advent. (2) The trumpet that summons the church is called “the trump of God,” while the seventh trump is an angel’s trumpet. (3) The trumpet for the church is singular. No trumpets have preceded it so that it can not be said to be the last of a series. The trumpet that closes the tribulation period is clearly the last of a series of seven. (4) In 1 Thes 4:16-17, the voice associated with the sounding of the trumpet summons the dead and the living, and consequently is heard before the resurrection. In the Revelation, while a resurrection is mentioned (11:12), the trumpet does not sound until after the resurrection, showing that two different events must be in view. (5) The trumpet in 1 Thessalonians issues in blessing, in life, in glory, while the trumpet in Revelation issues in judgment upon the enemies of God. (6) In the Thessalonian passage the trumpet sounds “in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye.” In Rev 10:7, the indication is that the seventh trumpet shall sound over a continued period of time, probably for the duration of the judgments that fall under it, for John speaks of the angel that shall “begin to sound.”  The duration gives the evidence of the distinction in these two. (7). The trumpet in 1 Thes is distinctly for the church. Since God is dealing with Israel in particular, and Gentiles in general, in the tribulation, this seventh trumpet, which falls in the period of the tribulation, could not have reference to the church without losing the distinctions between the church and Israel. (8) The passage in Revelation depicts a great earthquake in which thousands are slain, and the believing remnant that worships God is stricken with fear. In the Thes passage there is no earthquake mentioned. There will be no believing remnant left behind at the rapture to experience the fear of Rev 11:13. (9) While the church will be rewarded at the time of the rapture, yet the reward given to “thy servants the prophets, and to the saints” can not be that event. The rewarding mentioned in Rev 11:18 is seen to take place on the earth after the second advent of Christ, following the judgment on His enemies. Since the church is rewarded in the air, following the rapture, these must be two distinct events. 

2. 10:11. John has outlined the events of the first half of the tribulation under the seals (4:1-7:17), the last half of the tribulation under the trumpets (8:1-11:14), and  closes the period with the return of the Lord to reign (11:15-18). Between the sixth and seventh trumpets, John is told (10:11) that “it is necessary for you to prophesy again concerning many peoples and nations and tongues and kings.” Concerning the word “again”, “it denotes renewal or repetition of the action.” This would seem to be a divine notice that, since John has taken us through the entire period once, it is God’s intention to have him retrace his way through the period again. Therefore, beginning in Chapter 12, John surveys the period a second time, placing emphasis on the individuals who play so important a part in the events of the 70th week. The bowls (Rev 16:1-17) evidently come at the close at the period and occupy only a brief period of time and can not be spread over the last 3 1/2 years of the period. This second survey, like the first, terminates the period by the return of Christ, and the consequent judgment of His enemies (Rev 19). 

C.  Dr. John F. Walvoord (Th. B., Th. M.,Th. D.; 1910-2002) Revelation Commentary.

1. 10:1. Revelation 10:1-11:14 gives additional information as a background to the seal, trumpet, and bowl judgments. Another angel is introduced, but apparently was not one of the seven angels sounding the trumpets. There is no evidence other than his being a mighty angel, (cf. Rev 5:2), perhaps, Michael the Archangel. In contrast with the seven-sealed scroll held by the Lamb (5:1), this angel held a small scroll, also used in 10:9-10. This scroll apparently contained the angel’s written order for the mission he was about to fulfill.

2. 10:5-7. The angel declared, “there will be delay no longer.” Announcement was made that the “seventh trumpet” would bring about the accomplishment of the mystery of God. This mystery had been previously announced to God’s prophets. The reference, therefore, is not to hidden truth, but to the fulfillment of many Old Testament passages which refer to the glorious return of the Son of God and the establishment of His Kingdom of righteousness and peace on the earth.  Here again is evidence that the seventh trumpet introduces the seven bowl judgments of God’s wrath in Revelation 16.

3. 10:9-10. “The ordinances of the Lord are sure and altogether righteous. They are more precious than pure gold, than pure gold; they are sweeter than honey from the comb” (Ps 19:9-10). Though the Word is sweet to believers, it will be bitter to unbelievers when it brings divine judgment to them.

III. Scripture Text. Revelation Chapter 10, NASB. Pasted from Bible Gateway.

https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+10&version=NASB1995

Revelation Chapter 10

IV. Verse Examination. Dr. Charles C. Ryrie (Th. M., Th. D., Ph., D.; 1925-2016) Ryrie Study Bible. 

A. 10:6. “there will be no longer.” I.e., when the seventh angel sounds his trumpet (11:15), the bowl judgments will be poured out. 

B. 10:7. “the mystery of God.” Truth concerning God, Himself, which will not be revealed until His kingdom is established on earth.

C. 10:9-10. The eating of the “little book” (scroll) was to remind John that, although these truths from God may be pleasant to his taste, they were bitter when digested because they spoke judgment. The revelation of God’s judgment, on careful reflection, should always bring heaviness of heart to the child of God. Compare Ezek 2:8-3:3. 

V. Summary.

In this Tenth Chapter of Revelation, we have considered: 1. A mighty angel appears with an open book, and, 6 swears by Him that lives forever, that time shall be no longer. 8. John is commanded to take and eat the book. Dr. Orville J. Nave, Nave’s Study Bible, 1978 (D.D., LL. D., 1841-1917). Orville J. Nave (Editor). Anna Seamans Nave (Editor).

VI. My Bucket List shows the references, of people and documents, that I use when I write my articles.

https://equippingblog.wordpress.com/bucket-list/embed/. 

VII. My Websites To Follow.

https://equippingblog.wordpress.com/ Eternity

https://untotheleastofthese.home.blog/ Equipping The Saints Website

https://thechurchoftheopendoor.wordpress.com/ Israel Website

https://success2693.wordpress.com/ Israel, History And Prophecy

Revelation Prophecy – Chapter 9

I. Video Data. What Happens To The Earth During The Trumpet Judgments? John Ankerberg Show. Dr. Jimmy DeYoung (M. Div., Ph. D., 1940-2021)

II. Overview.

A. The Bible presents hell as a literal place designed to punish those who rebelled against God while on earth. It is not a state of mind, or a myth, as many modern religions claim. This chapter presents a preview of the horrors of hell on earth during the Great Tribulation. As horrible as it will be, it is only temporary. Hell, itself, is worse, not in the least because it never ends.  Dr. David Jeremiah, (Th. M., D.D.) Jeremiah Study Bible.

B. John required but six verses to set forth the first four trumpet-plagues (8:7-12). But, now, he is about to devote an entire chapter to the first two Woes. This additional attention corresponds to the seriousness of the calamities which follow. Men, who were earlier discomforted by judgments upon the world, are now directly subjected to torments which arise from the underworld. Dr. Robert H. Mounce (Th. M., Ph. D., December 30, 1921 – January 24, 2019) The Book Of Revelation, The New International Commentary On The New Testament.

C. We see the true evil empire in the Book of Revelation. The empire of Satan unleashes its unholy war, not only against God’s people, but against all humanity. Demonic plagues emerge as the dominant source of tribulation in Chapter 9. The natural phenomenon of locust and horse demon invasions provides for the terrible supernatural invasions of Revelation 9. These are unleashed during the Great Tribulation when the fifth and sixth trumpet angels blow their horns. Kendell H. Easley (M. Div.; Ph. D.) The Book of Revelation, Holman New Testament Commentary.

D. Already introduced by the eagle’s proclamation in 8:13, the fifth trumpet sets the tone for the last three trumpets in its specificity and independence of the two to follow. The feature marks the last three seals too. The seventh trumpet also resembles the seventh seal in the way it solemnly concludes the whole, and contains the next series within its scope. As with the seals also, two episodes intervene between the sixth and seventh members. In so doing, set the stage for the  seventh trumpet. With the sixth trumpet, the severity of the judgments increases even more than with the fifth. In this case, for the first time, the trumpet angel, in addition to blowing his trumpet, assumes an active role in initiating the visitation.  Dr. Robert L. Thomas (Th. M., Th. D.; 1928-2017) Revelation Commentary.

E. The threefold cry of woe from the call of the angel (8:13) has nothing to do with the four trumpets that have just sounded, but rather with the trumpet blasts sounded by the other three angels, a fact often unnoticed. The significance of the declaration by John must have been devastating. The calamities unleashed by the blasts of the first four trumpets are beyond anything imaginable to the inhabitants of the earth today, but the woes announced by the eagle have to do with profoundly serious judgments yet to come. Paige Patterson (B.A., D.D., D.D., Th. M., Ph. D.) Revelation Commentary, The New International Version, The New American Commentary. 

F. The trumpets continue to bring war, but war to which woe is added. The war to be described next is probably one of the more important in the Bible. Trumpets five and six move matters on earth along to the point where Satan’s man is left undisputed master of the globe — for a season. First, men are brainwashed by the Beast and are psychologically prepared to embrace the ultimate lie. Then, the Beast consolidates his position in the west, deals decisively with the great foe to the north, brings to heel for a while the awakened millions of the east, throws off all pretense, and sets himself up as this world’s god.  Dr. John Phillips (D. Min; 1927-2010) Revelation Commentary. 

G. Because of the “he” in verse 2 and “king” in verse 11, the “star” that fell to the earth was a person rather than a fragment of a star (cf. Isa. 14:12-17 Luke 10:18). Even in modern terminology it is customary to speak of an unusual athlete or performer as a star. This star, probably representing Satan cast out of heaven at the beginning of the Great Tribulation (Rev 12:9), was given the key to the shaft of the Abyss (“bottomless pit”).  The “Abyss”  (“abyssos”) is the home of demons (cf. Luke 8:31; Rev 9:11; 11:7; 17:8; 20:1, 3; in Rom. 10:7 it is translated “deep.”). Satan will be confined for a thousand years in the Abyss during the reign of Christ on earth (Rev 20:1-3). Dr. John F. Walvoord (Th. B., Th. M., Th. D., 1910-2002) Revelation Commentary.

III. Scripture Text. Revelation Chapter 9, NASB. Pasted from Bible Gateway.

https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+9&version=NASB1995

Revelation Chapter 9

IV. Verse Examination.  Dr. Charles C. Ryrie (Th. M., Th. D., Ph. D., 1925-2016) Ryrie Study Bible.

A. 9:1. “a star” represents an intelligent creature, apparently “the angel of the abyss” v. 11). Notice the “he” in verse 2. “the bottomless pit.” Lit,, the shaft of the abyss. For other uses of this phrase, see Luke 8:31; Rom 10:7; Rev 9:11; 11:7; 17:8; 20:1, 3. Luke 8:31 indicates that this is the abode of the demons. 

B. 9:3. “locusts.” That these creatures come from the abyss and are described in unusual terms in verses 7-11 indicates that they were demonic. 

C. 9:4-5. The limitations that God places upon the activities of these creatures show that He is still in full control of these events. Only the 144,000 will escape the torment on people.

D. 9:6. Suicide, though desired, will be impossible.

E. 9:7-10. In describing these creatures John often has to use the word “like.”

F. 9:10. Two glands in the tail of a scorpion emit a  poison that produces a painful, but usually not lethal, wound.

G. 9:11. “Abaddon … Apollyon.” Both words mean “destruction.”

H. 9:14-15. These “four angels” (demons) are released in order to kill one-third of the remaining population of the earth. Added to the one-fourth who were killed under the fourth seal judgment (6:4) these two judgments alone destroy one-half of the population, not including those who are killed by wars, famines, and diseases. “the hour” (v. 15). Lit., this particular hour.

I. 9:16. “the armies.” The 200,000,000 creatures who compose this supernatural cavalry may be human beings, or demons, or demon-possessed humans. For other supernatural armies, see 2 Kings 2:11; 6:14-17; Rev 19:14. 

J. 9:18. “by these plagues.” I.e., by the fire, smoke, and brimstone.

K. 9:20. The religion of many will involve demon and idol worship.

L. 9:21. “sorceries.” I.e., magical arts, potions, and poisons (See Gal. 5:20; Rev 18:23; 21:8; 22:15). From the Greek word, we derive the English word “pharmacies.” This chapter shows (1) the reality and some of the activity of the unseen world of Satan and demons and (2) the hardness of human hearts. 

V. Summary.

In this Ninth Chapter of Revelation, we considered the following events. 1. The fifth angel sounds, and the bottomless pit is opened, and smoke and locusts issue from it. 7. These locusts described. 12.The first woe is past. 13. The sixth angel sounds, and four angels are let loose for the work of destruction. Dr. Orville J. Nave, Nave’s Study Bible, 1978 (D.D., LL. D., 1841-1917). Orville J. Nave (Editor). Anna Seamans Nave (Editor).

VI. My Bucket List shows the references, of people and documents, that I use when I write my articles.

https://equippingblog.wordpress.com/bucket-list/embed/. 

VII. My Websites To Follow.

https://equippingblog.wordpress.com/ Eternity

https://untotheleastofthese.home.blog/ Equipping The Saints Website

https://thechurchoftheopendoor.wordpress.com/ Israel Website

https://success2693.wordpress.com/ Israel, History And Prophecy