What does Daniel tell us about a coming world empire and world leader?
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I. Video Data. John Ankerberg Show. Dr. John Ankerberg, (M. Div., D. Min.), (Dr. Jimmy DeYoung (M. Div., Ph. D., 1940-2021).
II. Introduction. Dr. C.I. Scofield (D. D.; 1843-1921) Scofield Study Bible (1909, 1917, 1937, 1945, 1984, 1998, 2002, 2006, Editor, C.I. Scofield, Editorial Revision 1967 Committee Members: Charles L. Feinberg, Th. B., Th. M., Th. D., Ph. D., John F. Walvoord, Th. B., Th. M., Th. D.).
VS 1-4: Belshazzar defiles the temple vessels. VS 5-9 The handwriting on the wall. VS 10-30 Daniel interprets the writing.
III. Overview. Dr. John F. Walvoord (Th. B., Th. M., Th. D., 1910-2002) Daniel Commentary.
A. Almost seventy years have passed since the events of chapter 1 of Daniel. Nebuchadnezzar himself had died in 562 B.C. Daniel does not record his immediate successors, and extra biblical literature is somewhat confused. A plausible account of Berosus, in his third book, found in a fragment preserved by Josephus summarizes the history between Nebuchadnezzar’s death in 562 B.C. and the fall of Babylon 539 B.C.
B. According to Berosus, Nebuchadnezzar died after a reign of 43 years and was followed by his son Evil-Merodach. Because his rule was arbitrary and licentious, he was assassinated by Neriglisar after he had reigned only two years. The next four years Neriglisar occupied the throne. At his death his son Laborosoarchod, who was only a child, reigned for nine months until a conspiracy resulted in his being beaten to death. The conspirators appointed Nabonidus, one of their number, who reigned for seventeen years before being defeated by Cyrus the Persian. Nabonidus fleeing Babylon went to Borsippa but was forced to surrender to Cyrus. Nabonidus was allowed to live in Carmania until the time of his death, but he was not allowed to come to Babylonia.
C. The account of Berosus preserved by Josephus is supported by other evidence such as the short fragment of Abydenus preserved by Eusebius.
IV. Scripture Text. See below. Link pasted from Bible Gateway.
https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Daniel+5&version=NASB
V. Verse Examination. Dr. Charles C. Ryrie (Th. M., Th. D., Ph. D.; 1925-2016) Ryrie Study Bible.
A. 5:1 See Walvoord overview.
B. 5:2 “vessels.” See 1:2. “father.” The term, “father,” can simply mean a predecessor on the throne, or in this case it may indicate that Belshazzar’s mother, the wife of Nabonidus, was the daughter of Nebuchadnezzar.
C. 5:4. Belshazzar was evidently trying to boost morale in the face of the Persian armies already outside the walls of Babylon.
D. 5:7. “third ruler.” After Nabonidus and Belshazzar.
E. 5:10. “the queen.”Belshazzar’s mother.
F. 5:22-23: Daniel accused Belshazzar of pride, desecrating the vessels from God’s Temple and idolatry.
G. 5:25. The writing was not in an unknown language, though possibly in an unusual script and perhaps also mixed up as anagram. In any case, the meaning was unknown until Daniel interpreted it.
H. 5:28: “PERES.” the singular of “PHARSIN” (v. 25; “U” means “and.”).
I. 5:30. Though the city had been under a long siege, the Babylonians thought they were secure, having stored 20 years of supplies, and having the Euphrates River flowing through the city. The night of the banquet the enemy had diverted the water of the Euphrates by means of a canal linked to a lake, which enabled the soldiers to enter under the gates. Both Herodotus and Xenophon describe this. The date was Oct 12, 539 B.C.
J. 5:31. “Darius.” His identity is uncertain. He may have been Gubaru, a governor under Cyrus the king of Persia or Darius may be another name of Cyrus, himself; or he may have been Cambyses, son of Cyrus, who served as ruler of Babylon.
VI. Summary. Dr. Orville J. Nave, Nave’s Study Bible, 1978 (D.D., LL. D., 1841-1917). Orville J. Nave (Editor). Anna Seamans Nave (Editor).
In this chapter of Daniel we have considered: 1 Belshazzar’s feast. 5 The handwriting on the wall. 8 The king’s wise men were unable to interpret the writing. 10 Daniel is sent for. 17 He reproves the king, 25 and interprets the writing. 30 The kingdom is transferred to the Medes.
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